Sindrom Cushing telah dilaporkan pada beberapa pasien yang menggunakan steroid topikal. Saat ini, obat topikal yang mengandung steroid sering digunakan bahkan dijual bebas untuk mengurangi rasa gatal, contohnya akibat alergi atau dermatitis. Demi mencegah terjadinya sindrom Cushing, pemakaian steroid topikal perlu dilakukan dengan bijak dan berhati–hati.
Sekilas tentang Sindrom Cushing
Sindrom Cushing merupakan kondisi hiperkortisol yang dapat disebabkan oleh penyebab internal atau eksternal, contohnya pada penggunaan steroid. Hal tersebut menyebabkan gangguan pada metabolisme hormon alamiah karena berkurangnya produksi hormon kortisol endogen. Sindrom Cushing ditandai dengan gejala obesitas sentral, buffalo hump, moon face, jerawat, striae, hirsutism, resistensi insulin, dan hipertensi.[1,2]
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Referensi
1. Chaudhry HS, Singh G. Cushing Syndrome. StatPearls. 2023. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470218/
2. Nieman LK. Causes and pathophysiology of Cushing syndrome. UpToDate. 2024. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/causes-and-pathophysiology-of-cushing-syndrome
3. Kuikel S, Aryal S, Basnyat RS, et al. Cushing Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient with Topical Steroid Overuse. Case Rep Endocrinol; 2022. Epub ahead of print 2022. DOI: 10.1155/2022/8487737.
4. Tempark T, Phatarakijnirund V, Chatproedprai S, et al. Exogenous cushing’s syndrome due to topical corticosteroid application: Case report and review literature. Endocrine 2010; 38: 328–334.
5. Ho CWL, Loke KY, Lim YYJ, et al. Exogenous Cushing syndrome: A lesson of diaper rash cream. Horm Res Paediatr 2014; 82: 415–418.
6. Decani S, Federighi V, Baruzzi E, et al. Iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome and topical steroid therapy: Case series and review of the literature. J Dermatolog Treat 2014; 25: 495–500.
7. Taylor O, Mejia-Otero JD, Tannin GM, et al. Topical triamcinolone induced Cushing syndrome: A case report. Pediatr Dermatol 2020; 37: 582–584.
8. Özgüç Çömlek F, et al. Exogenous Cushing syndrome due to misuse of potent topical steroid. Pediatr Dermatol 2018; 35: e121–e123.
9. Ghirardo S, Nardi L De, Tommasini A, et al. Topical clobetasol: an overlooked cause of Cushing syndrome. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21: 2300–2302.
10. Takaiwa Y, Ichikawa G, Otsubo Y, et al. Iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome Caused by Long-term Use of High Potency Topical Steroid. Dokkyo Med J 2022; 1: 135–140.
11. Hengge UR, Ruzicka T, Schwartz RA, et al. Adverse effects of topical glucocorticosteroids. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006; 54: 1–15.
12. Yang H, Wang J, Zhang X, et al. Application of Topical Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors in Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Dermatology 2019; 155: 585–593.
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