Teknik Pemeriksaan Fisik Abdomen

Oleh :

dr. Felicia

Teknik pemeriksaan fisik abdomen diawali dengan anamnesis, yang berkaitan dengan keluhan pasien. Kemudian, dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan fisik yang terdiri dari inspeksi, auskultasi, perkusi, dan palpasi. Pemeriksaan fisik abdomen dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran klinis organ-organ dan ruang intraabdomen.[1,5,9]

Anatomi Cavum Abdomen

Secara anatomis, cavum abdomen dibagi menjadi, kuadran kanan atas dan bawah serta kuadran kiri atas dan bawah. Selain kudran, abdomen juga dapat dibagi menjadi regio.[2,7]

Kuadran Abdomen

Referensi

1. Reuben A. Examination of the abdomen. Clin Liver Dis. 2016;7(6):143–50.
2. Zakka TM, Teixeira MJ, Yeng LT. Abdominal visceral pain: clinical aspects. Rev Dor. 2013 Dec;14(4):311–4.
3. Grundy L, Erickson A, Brierley SM. Visceral Pain. Annu Rev Physiol. 2019 Feb 10;81:261-284. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-020518-114525. Epub 2018 Oct 31. PMID: 30379615.
4. Zuin M, Rigatelli G, Andreotti AN, et al. Is abdominal auscultation a still relevant part of the physical examination? Eur J Intern Med. 2017 Sep 1;43:e24–5.
5. Abdominal Examination: Overview, Preparation, Technique. Medscape. 2019 Nov. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1909183-overview#a3
6. Kalaronis P. Kalogianni A. et al. Analgesia of acute abdominal pain in the Emergency Department. Health & Research Journal 2019; 5(3), 86-98.
7. Weinstein AL, Abd-Elsayed A. Abdominal Anatomy. In: Abd-Elsayed A, editor. Pain: A Review Guide. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2019. p. 803–5.
8. Reust CE, Williams A. Acute Abdominal Pain in Children. Am Fam Physician. 2016 May 15;93(10):830–6.
9. Mealie CA, Manthey DE. Abdominal Exam. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2019. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459220/
10. Drucker NA, McDuffie L, Groh E, et al. Physical Examination is the Best Predictor of the Need for Abdominal Surgery in Children Following Motor Vehicle Collision. J Emerg Med. 2018 Jan 1;54(1):1–7.
11. Otsuka H, Fukushima T, Tsubouchi Y, et al. Current strategy for hollow viscus injury with active bleeding: A case report. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2019 Jan 12;7.
12. Serin AN, Birge Ö. Non-Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy: Incidence and Diagnosis. Non-Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy. 2019 Oct 11.
13. Vaghef-Davari F, Ahmadi-Amoli H, et al. Approach to Acute Abdominal Pain: Practical Algorithms. Adv J Emerg Med. 2019 Nov 8;4(2):e29. doi: 10.22114/ajem.v0i0.272. PMID: 32322797; PMCID: PMC7163264.
14. Epperla N, Mazza JJ, Yale SH. A Review of Clinical Signs Related to Ecchymosis. WMJ. 2015 Apr;114(2):61-5. PMID: 26756058.
15. Rastogi V, Singh D, Tekiner H, et al. Abdominal Physical Signs and Medical Eponyms: Physical Examination of Palpation Part 1, 1876–1907. Clin Med Res. 2018 Dec;16(3–4):83–91.
16. Jackson P, Cruz MV. Intestinal Obstruction: Evaluation and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2018 Sep 15;98(6):362–7.
17. Philips C, Pande A. Examining the liver – Revisiting an old friend. Int J Health Sci. 2017 Feb 1;6.
18. Yale S. Abdominal Physical Signs and Medical Eponyms: Part II. Percussion and Auscultation, 1924–1980. 2019;22.
19. Angkasa YK, Suryawan N, Prihatni D. Clinical and Laboratory Manifestation of Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia as an Assessment of Severity: A Study in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Althea Med J. 2019 Jun;6(2):65–70.
20. Lee HS, Le J. Urinary Tract Infections. Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP). Infectious Diseases. 2018. https://www.accp.com/docs/bookstore/psap/p2018b1_sample.pdf
21. Keisler B, Carter C. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Am Fam Physician. 2015 Apr 15;91(8):538–43.
22. Pakzad B, Dadgostarnia M, Salehi AH, et al. Ascites-tap Simulator for Abdominal Examination and Removal of Ascites Fluid. Adv Biomed Res. 2019 Jan 1;8(1):26.
23. Kwizera C, Wagner B, Wagner JB, et al. Uncommon Differential Diagnosis of Acute Right-sided Abdominal Pain – Case Report. J Interdiscip Med. 2019 Mar 1;4(1):33–6.
24. Snyder MJ, Guthrie M, Cagle SD. Acute Appendicitis: Efficient Diagnosis and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2018 Jul 1;98(1):25–33.
25. Kendall J. Evaluation of the adult with abdominal pain in the emergency department. 2019. Uptodate. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/evaluation-of-the-adult-with-abdominal-pain-in-the-emergency-department
26. Alvarado A. Clinical Approach in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis. Curr Issues Diagn Treat Acute Append. 2018 Jun 27.
27. Mayumi T, Yoshida M, Tazuma S, et al. The Practice Guidelines for Primary Care of Acute Abdomen 2015. Jpn J Radiol. 2016 Jan 1;34(1):80–115.
28. Gans SL, Pols MA, Stoker J, et al. Guideline for the Diagnostic Pathway in Patients with Acute Abdominal Pain. Dig Surg. 2015;32(1):23–31.

(Konten ini khusus untuk dokter. Registrasi untuk baca selengkapnya)

Masuk atau Daftar

Nomor Ponsel Sudah Terdaftar

Masuk dengan Email

Masuk dengan Email

Masuk dengan Facebook

Teknik Pemeriksaan Fisik Abdomen

Referensi

Masuk atau Daftar

Artikel Terkait