Patofisiologi Trichuriasis

Oleh :

dr. Putri Kumala Sari

Patofisiologi trichuriasis atau infeksi cacing cambuk diawali dengan ingesti telur Trichuris trichiura oleh manusia. Ini bisa terjadi jika tangan yang kotor menyentuh atau memasukkan sesuatu ke dalam mulut, ataupun melalui konsumsi sayur-sayuran atau buah-buahan yang tidak dicuci, dikupas, atau dimasak.

Setelah telur masuk ke dalam tubuh manusia, larva akan menetas di usus halus dan memanfaatkan nutrien dan mikroflora intestinal untuk bertumbuh dan berkembangbiak. Kemudian, larva akan migrasi ke sekum (cecum), melakukan penetrasi mukosa, dan menjadi cacing dewasa. Cacing dewasa biasanya menetap di ileum terminal, kolon asenden, dan sekum.

Proses dari ingesti telur hingga menjadi cacing dewasa ini memakan waktu sekitar 3 bulan. Tanpa terapi, T. trichiura dapat hidup di dalam tubuh manusia hingga 1-4 tahun.[1-3]

Referensi

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15. World Health Organization. WHO Mortality Database: Trichuriasis. 2023. https://platform.who.int/mortality/themes/theme-details/topics/indicator-groups/indicators/indicator-details/MDB/trichuriasis
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20. Medscape. Ivermectin (Rx). 2023. https://reference.medscape.com/drug/stromectol-ivermectin-342657

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