Teknik Resusitasi Bayi dan Anak

Oleh :

dr.Nailla Fariq Alfiani

Teknik resusitasi pada bayi dan anak dilakukan dengan bantuan napas dan jantung. Tindakan resusitasi jantung paru (RJP) dimulai dari general assessment, primary, hingga tertiary survey. Peralatan yang digunakan memiliki ukuran yang disesuaikan dengan usia dan ukuran anatomi pasien. Posisi penolong dalam memposisikan tangan saat kompresi juga berbeda sesuai dengan usianya.[4,8,22,23]

Persiapan Pasien

Persiapan pasien dalam melakukan resusitasi pada bayi dan anak adalah menempatkan pasien pada lingkungan yang aman baik untuk pasien dan penolong, jauh dari jangkauan air, api, ataupun lokasi terjadinya bencana.

Selanjutnya memanggil bantuan bila kejadian di luar rumah sakit segera panggil emergency medical service (EMS), atau bila kejadian di dalam rumah sakit dapat mengaktifkan code blue agar tim EMS dapat segera bertindak.[4,5,8]

Referensi

4. Marc Auerbach. Pediatric Resuscitation. Medscape. 14 Juni 2021. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1948389-overview#a5
5. American Heart Association. Pedoman CPR dan ECC. AHA. 2020. https://cpr.heart.org/-/media/cpr-files/cpr-guidelines-files/highlights/hghlghts_2020eccguidelines_indonesian.pdf
7. Vega RM, Kaur H, Sasaki J, et al. Cardiopulmonary Arrest in Children. StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK436018/
8. Mark MU. Pediatric and Neonatal Resuscitation. Statpearls. 2023. https://www.statpearls.com/ArticleLibrary/viewarticle/132891#/
9. Bettencourt AP, Gorman M, Mullen JE. Pediatric Resuscitation. Critical care nursing clinics of North America, 2021. 33(3), 287–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnc.2021.05.005
22. Topjian AA, Raymond TT, Atkins D, et al. Part 4: Pediatric Basic and Advanced Life Support: 2020 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. AHA Journal, 2020. Volume 142 No.16 S469-S523. doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000901. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000901
23. Patrick Van de Voorde, Nigel M. Turner, Jana Djakow, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Paediatric Life Support. European Resuscitation Council. Published by Elsevier, 2021. Volume 161. p 327-387. 2021. https://www.cprguidelines.eu/assets/guidelines/European-Resuscitation-Council-Guidelines-2021-Pa.pdf
24. The Team of AHA. What Is an Automated External Defibrillator?. The American Hearth Association. 2023. https://www.heart.org/-/media/files/health-topics/answers-by-heart/what-is-an-aed.pdf
25. López-Herce Cid, J., Rodríguez Núñez, A., Carrillo Álvarez, et al. Recomendaciones de expertos sobre el material del carro y mochila de reanimación cardiopulmonar pediátrica y neonatal [Materials for the paediatric resuscitation trolley or backpack: Expert recommendations]. Anales de pediatria, 2018. 88(3), 173.e1–173.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpedi.2017.05.010
26. Maqsood N, Whitman I, Camac ER. The Crash Course: A Shocking Introduction to Defibrillation. ATS Sch. 2022 Jun 30;3(2):332-335. doi: 10.34197/ats-scholar.2021-0084VO. PMID: 35924201; PMCID: PMC9341482.
27. Sawyer T, Lee HC, Aziz K. Anticipation and preparation for every delivery room resuscitation. Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 2018; 23:312
28. Aditianingsih D. Bantuan Hidup Dasar (Basic Life Support and First Aid Training). Kemenkes RI. 2022. https://yankes.kemkes.go.id/view_artikel/1241/bantuan-hidup-dasar-basic-life-support-and-first-aid-training
29. Qonita II. Bantuan Hidup Dasar. CDK-277/ vol. 46 no. 6 th. 2019. 2019. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/398179-bantuan-hidup-dasar-fa98595e.pdf
30. Lee JS, Ahn JY, Kim DK, Kim YH, Lee B, Jhang WK, Kim GB, Kim JT, Huh J, Park JD, Chung SP, Hwang SO. Part 5. Pediatric basic life support: 2015 Korean Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Clin Exp Emerg Med. 2016 Jul 5;3(Suppl):S39-S47. doi: 10.15441/ceem.16.131. PMID: 27752645; PMCID: PMC5052915.
31. Sutton RM, Berg RA, Nadkarni V. CPR Technique for Infants and Children. Curr Pediatr Rev. 2013;9(2):100-8. doi: 10.2174/1573396311309020002. PMID: 25417030.
32. Patric C. The Pediatric General Assessment Triangle. EMS1. 21 Nov 2021. https://www.ems1.com/ems-products/neonatal-pediatric/articles/the-pediatric-general-assessment-triangle-KE8VtMVnpbpRIJgh/
33. Ong GY, et al. . Singapore Paediatric Resuscitation Guidelines 2021. Singapore medical journal, 2021. 62(8), 372–389. https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2021107
34. Clinical Quality & Patient Safety Unit. Assessment / Primary and Secondary Survey. Queensland Ambulance Service. 2021. https://www.ambulance.qld.gov.au/docs/clinical/cpp/CPP_Primary%20and%20secondary%20survey.pdf
35. Semeraro F, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Systems saving lives. Resuscitation, 2021. 161, 80–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.02.008
36. Lamberg JJ. Basic Life Support (BLS) : Pediatric Resuscitate. Medscape. 2018. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2058889-overview
37. Libby C, Skinner RB, Rawal AR. EMS Termination Of Resuscitation And Pronouncement of Death. StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541113/
38. Aaron SL, Vega RM, Hai O. Pediatric Post-Resuscitation Management. StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441991/
39. Topjian AA, et al. Pediatric Post-Cardiac Arrest Care: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation, 2019. 140(6), e194–e233. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000697

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