Prognosis Pneumonia Komuniti

Oleh :

dr. Reren Ramanda

Prognosis pneumonia komunitas atau community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) bergantung pada berbagai faktor, seperti usia tua dan adanya komplikasi, misalnya empiema. Pasien CAP yang membutuhkan perawatan di ruang intensif memiliki angka mortalitas yang lebih tinggi.

Komplikasi

Komplikasi pneumonia komuniti atau CAP antara lain adalah efusi parapneumonia, empiema, abses paru, koagulopati, fibrosis paru, pembentukan kavitas, meningitis dan pneumonia nekrotik. Komplikasi lain ditemukan pada infeksi yang memberat sampai mengancam nyawa terutama ditemukan pada pada kondisi syok sepsis dan gagal napas.[6,35]

Referensi

3. Regunath, H. and Oba, Y. Community-Acquired Pneumonia. StatPearls. 2021. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430749/
6. Alzomor, O. et al. Management of community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children: Clinical practice guidelines endorsed by the Saudi Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2017 Dec; 4(4): 153–158. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6372484/
35. Sattar, SBA. and Sharma, S. Bacterial Pneumonia. StatPearls. 2021. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513321/
36. Shebl E and Paul M. Parapneumonic Pleural Effusions And Empyema Thoracis. StatPearls. 2022. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534297/
37. Sabbula BR, Rammohan G, Akella J. Lung Abscess. StatPearls. 2022. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555920/
38. Aynalem M, Shiferaw E, Gelaw Y, Enawgaw B. Coagulopathy and its associated factors among patients with a bleeding diathesis at the University of Gondar Specialized Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Thromb J. 2021; 19(1): 36. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8170961/
39. Milbrandt EB, et al. Prevalence and Significance of Coagulation Abnormalities in Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Molecular Medicine volume 15, page 438–445. 2009. https://molmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.2119/molmed.2009.00091
40. Wilson MS, Wynn TA. Pulmonary fibrosis: pathogenesis, etiology and regulation. Mucosal Immunol. 2009; 2(2): 103-121. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2675823/
41. Gadkowski LB, Stout JE. Cavitary pulmonary disease. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2008;21(2):305-333. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2292573/
42. El-Feky, M. Cavitating pneumonia. Radiopaedia. Org. 2022. https://radiopaedia.org/articles/cavitating-pneumonia
43. Hersi K, Gonzalez FJ, Kondamudi NP. Meningitis. StatPearls. 2022. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459360/
44. Kamangar, N. Lung Abscess. Medscape. 2020. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/299425-overview
45. Ceccato, A, and Torres, A. Sepsis and community-acquired pneumonia. Ann Res Hosp 2018;2:7. https://arh.amegroups.com/article/view/4364/5300
46. Garcia-Vidal C, Ardanuy C, Tubau F, et al. Pneumococcal pneumonia presenting with septic shock: host- and pathogen-related factors and outcomes. Thorax 2010;65:77-81. https://thorax.bmj.com/content/65/1/77
47. Shebl E, Mirabile VS, Sankari A, et al. Respiratory Failure. StatPearls. 2022. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526127/
48. Akyil, FT. et al. Prognosis of hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Pulmonol. 2018; 24(3): 164–169. https://www.journalpulmonology.org/en-prognosis-hospitalized-patients-with-community-acquired-articulo-S2173511517301562
63. Karkhanis VS, Joshi JM. Pleural effusion: diagnosis, treatment, and management. Open Access Emerg Med. 2012; 4: 31-52. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4753987/.
64. Krishna R, Rudrappa M. Pleural effusion. Statpearls. 2021. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448189/.

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